Low Cost X Band Radar System for Multiple Target Detection

Radar based object detection systems have been in place for about a century serving various purposes like detection of ships aircrafts, spacecraft, navigation, reading weather formations and terrain mapping. With the advent of better packing technologies and signal conditioning circuits radars have become compact and affordable thus offering comparatively low cost solutions than other systems based on imaging. This paper describes an X band Radar System for multiple target detection that can work as an effective solution for obstacle detection and collision avoidance system to be used in automated braking systems. This radar system is capable of detecting multiple targets from the clutter encountered by the radar signals within a range of 20 metres. The paper discusses various moving target indicator techniques employed for multiple target detection and speed of the object in real time. This is particularly useful in automotive industries where the low cost motion sensors are needed in variety of applications which are necessary to ensure the safety of the passengers. To ensure a good signal to noise ratio we have used non coherent integration so that the radar signal is recognizable among the clutter. Moving Target Indicator techniques are used primarily to detect the number of objects in the range of the radar. This is carried out along with adaptive constant false alarm thresholding technique so that the object can be detected among the clutter and noise accurately. An Arduino Uno is used for detecting the objects and speed after processing on the non-coherently integrated pulse.